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Assets
Financial Assets$61.8T
Stocks & Equities$47.2T
21% of households
Cash & Deposits$9.6T
99% of households
Bonds & Fixed Income$6.2T
1% of households
Retirement & Tax-Adv.$77.8T
Retirement Accounts$48.1T
54% of households
IRAs$18.9T
31% of households
401(k) Plans$10.0T
50% of households
529 Plans$603B
13% of households
HSAs$159B
27% of households
Real Assets$87.1T
Real Estate$48.0T
66% of households
Commercial Real Estate$22.5T
6% of households
Residential Rentals$10.3T
13% of households
Farms$3.6T
1.5% of households
Vehicles$2.4T
87% of households
Mineral Rights$314B
9% of households
Business & Insurance$20.1T
Private Business$16.0T
15% of households
Life Insurance$2.2T
16% of households
RSUs & Equity Comp$2.1T
8% of households
Total Assets $181.6T
Ownership %: Federal Reserve SCF, 2022
Liabilities
Housing Debt$14.8T
Mortgages$13.77T
42% of households
HELOCs$434B
4% of households
HELOANs$562B
~3% of households
Consumer Credit$3.6T
Vehicle Loans$1.67T
35% of households
Credit Cards$1.33T
45% of households
Personal Loans$276B
19% of households
Vehicle Leases$209B
~10% of households
BNPL Debt$70B
~17% of households
Education & Health$2.1T
Student Loans$1.66T
22% of households
Medical Debt$194B
~14% of households
Deferred Medical$200B
~36% of households
Other Debt$2.2T
Margin Loans & SBLOCs$1.23T
~4% of households
Personal Guarantees$840B
~6% of households
Insurance Policy Loans$151B
~5% of households
Total Liabilities $20.9T
Holding %: Federal Reserve SCF 2022 & agency estimates
Net Worth
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Home / Liabilities / Deferred Medical Bills

Deferred Medical Bills

Time series data on deferred and outstanding medical bills in the United States.

Data View Commentary →
Total Outstanding Medical Debt
~$200B 2023
Source: Census Bureau SIPP · CFPB · Health Affairs Scholar (2025) · Total medical debt outstanding including amounts owed to providers, in collections, and financed through credit, 2003–2024
Households Holding Deferred Medical Bills
~47M 2024
Source: Estimated from Census SIPP, KFF Health Care Debt Survey, Health Affairs Scholar (2025) · Households with any outstanding medical bills, payment plans, or medical debt, 2003–2024
Share of Households with Deferred Medical Bills
36.3% 2024
Source: EBRI/NHIS · Census SIPP · Health Affairs Scholar (2025) · Share of households reporting any unpaid, past-due, or deferred medical bills, 2003–2024
Average Medical Debt per Household
~$4,300 2024
Source: Computed from total medical debt ÷ estimated households with medical debt · Census SIPP · Health Affairs Scholar (2025) · 2003–2024
Share of Adults with Medical Debt on Credit Reports
~5% 2024
Source: CFPB Consumer Credit Panel · Urban Institute Credit Bureau Panel · Share of adults with one or more medical collections tradeline on credit file, 2012–2024

Key Data

Summary metrics on U.S. deferred medical bills, balances, prevalence, and credit reporting trends.

Metric Value Period Source
Total medical debt outstanding~$200 billion2023Census SIPP (2024)
Medical debt in active collections$194 billion2024Health Affairs Scholar
Medical debt on credit reports$49 billion2023CFPB
Households with any medical debt36.3%2024Health Affairs Scholar
Adults with past-due medical bills21.4%2024Health Affairs Scholar
Adults paying medical bills over time22.8%2024Health Affairs Scholar
Adults with medical debt on credit reports~5%2024CFPB / Urban Institute
Adults contacted by medical debt collectors14.6%2024Health Affairs Scholar
Americans who borrowed for medical bills31 million ($74B)2024Gallup / West Health
Medical collections as share of all collections58%2021CFPB
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