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Assets
Financial Assets$61.8T
Stocks & Equities$47.2T
21% of households
Cash & Deposits$9.6T
99% of households
Bonds & Fixed Income$6.2T
1% of households
Retirement & Tax-Adv.$77.8T
Retirement Accounts$48.1T
54% of households
IRAs$18.9T
31% of households
401(k) Plans$10.0T
50% of households
529 Plans$603B
13% of households
HSAs$159B
27% of households
Real Assets$87.1T
Real Estate$48.0T
66% of households
Commercial Real Estate$22.5T
6% of households
Residential Rentals$10.3T
13% of households
Farms$3.6T
1.5% of households
Vehicles$2.4T
87% of households
Mineral Rights$314B
9% of households
Business & Insurance$20.1T
Private Business$16.0T
15% of households
Life Insurance$2.2T
16% of households
RSUs & Equity Comp$2.1T
8% of households
Total Assets $181.6T
Ownership %: Federal Reserve SCF, 2022
Liabilities
Housing Debt$14.8T
Mortgages$13.77T
42% of households
HELOCs$434B
4% of households
HELOANs$562B
~3% of households
Consumer Credit$3.6T
Vehicle Loans$1.67T
35% of households
Credit Cards$1.33T
45% of households
Personal Loans$276B
19% of households
Vehicle Leases$209B
~10% of households
BNPL Debt$70B
~17% of households
Education & Health$2.1T
Student Loans$1.66T
22% of households
Medical Debt$194B
~14% of households
Deferred Medical$200B
~36% of households
Other Debt$2.2T
Margin Loans & SBLOCs$1.23T
~4% of households
Personal Guarantees$840B
~6% of households
Insurance Policy Loans$151B
~5% of households
Total Liabilities $20.9T
Holding %: Federal Reserve SCF 2022 & agency estimates
Net Worth
Overview By Percentile By Age
Cash Flow
Income Spending Taxes Debt Service Savings
Households
Overview By Age By Generation
Home / Liabilities / Mortgages

Mortgages

Time series data on U.S. home mortgage debt outstanding and mortgage debt service ratios, quarterly from 2000 to present.

Mortgage debt rose to $13.77T in Q4 2025, over half of balances locked below 4%
Data View Commentary →
Home Mortgage Debt Outstanding
$13.77T Q4 2025
Source: FRED HHMSDODNS · Federal Reserve Z.1 Financial Accounts
Mortgage Debt Service Ratio
5.89% Q3 2025
Source: FRED MDSP · Federal Reserve Board
Number of Mortgage Accounts
86.9M Q4 2025
Source: NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel / Equifax · Q4 2025
Homeowners Without a Mortgage
43% 2024
Source: FRED CXU980240LB1702M · BLS Consumer Expenditure Survey
Median Loan-to-Value Ratio (Originations)
76% Q2 2025
Source: FRED RCMFLOLTVPCT50 · Large Bank Mortgage Originations (FR Y-14M)
Average Fixed Mortgage Rates
6.00% / 5.43% Mar 2026
Source: FRED MORTGAGE30US, MORTGAGE15US · Freddie Mac PMMS

Key Mortgage Metrics

Data and supplemental research on U.S. mortgage markets.

Metric Value As Of Source
Total Mortgage Debt Outstanding $13.77 Trillion Q4 2025 FRED HHMSDODNS
Mortgage Debt Service Ratio 5.89% Q3 2025 FRED MDSP
Average 30-Year Fixed Rate ~6.5–7% 2025 Freddie Mac PMMS
Mortgages Below 4% Rate Over 50% 2025 Federal Reserve
View Commentary →